Question 1

Which price system is EXIOBASE in: basic vs purchaser price?

Accepted Answer

EXIOBASE, and the spend-based factors derived from it, are in current basic prices: the producer/factory-gate price, excluding trade & transport margins (TTM) and taxes less subsidies (TLS). Purchaser price = basic price + TTM + taxes less subsidies, i.e. what the final buyer pays. Good things to know: Applying basic-price factors directly to purchaser-price spend over-estimates some goods and under-estimates others. Either convert your spend to basic prices, or use the purchaser-price coefficients (Premium, from v3.11). "Current prices" means not inflation-adjusted. Align your spend to the factor's data year, or use the inflation-corrected factors. The coefficients are multipliers, not factors: multiply a basic-price factor by them. The TTM and TLS data behind the conversion cover only a subset of the regions. Every other region receives an average of the covered regions' multipliers rather than its own. As of v3.11.2 / v3.12, the workbook flags every cell where that happened, on its Price Adjustment Flags sheet. The purchaser-price columns are therefore a coarser adjustment than the factors they are applied to.

Question 2

Current vs constant price: what's the difference?

Accepted Answer

Current (nominal) prices are the prices observed in that year. Constant (real) prices express values relative to a chosen base year, removing inflation. Example: a chair costs €150 in 2015 and €175 in 2025 (current prices); in constant 2015 prices it's €150 in both years.

Question 3

How is inflation correction done, and how does it differ from now-casting?

Accepted Answer

Inflation correction adjusts only the monetary denominator so a base-year factor can be applied to later-year spend; physical intensity is held constant. It uses IMF World Economic Outlook inflation rates (GDP-weighted for aggregate regions) and is included up to 2025. Now-casting instead extrapolates the underlying economy to estimate recent years, useful for national trends but not for sector-level reporting. Inflation correction is price change only; now-casting carries some structural change too. For GHG reporting, inflation-corrected factors are recommended.

Questions, answered

Current release at a glance

Getting Started

Data Coverage & Structure

Choosing the Right Emission Factor

Prices, Inflation & Time

Prices, Inflation & Time